Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each type has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each type has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
However, one thing remains constant about pancreatitis: the old lifestyle and diet will be a thing of the past, because the basis of the treatment of pancreatitis is an almost lifelong diet.The pancreas does not forgive nutritional mistakes, it immediately reacts with pain and indigestion.
Basics of pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease;it develops as a result of abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, disruption of the liver and gall bladder, after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances, with frequent and severe nutritional disorders - prolonged fasting, dieting.
The main symptoms of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain - sharp, dagger-like, in acute pancreatitis almost to the point of loss of consciousness, or dull or painful in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- intestinal disorders, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- sudden weight loss.
In case of acute pancreatitis, you are usually hospitalized.Chronic exacerbation can also be treated at home, but only under the supervision of a doctor.In the case of pancreatitis, self-medication is dangerous due to the development of complications, including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic melting of glandular tissue, self-digestion of the gland) and the development of peritonitis, which is fatal.
Therapeutic nutrition in case of pancreatitis
The medical, enzyme and dietary therapy of pancreatitis is selected by the doctor based on the patient's condition and examination data.However, the general principles of dietary correction always remain approximately the same.They relax the digestion and the pancreas, which means that they reduce pain and normalize the feeling of well-being.
The diet of pancreatitis is sharply limited - most of the usual foods must be forgotten.You need to eat often, about 5-6 times a day - every 2.5-3 hours, with an 8-hour sleep break.But the doses should be small - about 200-250 g, especially after the aggravation of the disease.
All food is mechanically processed - almost all of it is eaten pureed.Then, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles appear in the food, but the food must be chewed thoroughly.
Since during pancreatitis the whole body suffers due to insufficient nutrient supply,the protein component of the diet must be increased (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average 140-150 g of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates, which greatly burden the pancreas, are limited to a minimum.Carbohydrates are given about 300 g per day, fats - no more than 70-80 g.
Products with a juice effect are removed from the diet - meat and fish soups, cabbage juice and decoction;in the event of a severe painful attack, therapeutic fasting for 1-2 days is recommended under medical supervision.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more fluids -It is recommended to drink no more than 2 liters of clean water per day, and drink 2-3 sips of water approximately every half hour during the day.
Of course, with pancreatitis, smoking and alcohol consumption must be completely stopped.They are the most powerful provocateurs of seizures.
What should be excluded?
The list of prohibited products will be quite impressive and can be daunting at first.However, without following these restrictions, relief can take a very long time.You can gradually and carefully expand your diet, observing the general principles of proper nutrition.
So, for the entire acute period or at the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, you should exclude:
- beet soup, cabbage soup and borscht, okroshka, broths, mushroom and fish soups, the broths themselves;
- fatty meat - pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- offal - kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salted and spicy foods;
- canned food;
- sausage;
- fatty fish (catfish, sturgeon, sturgeon, carp);caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- foods made from fatty milk - cream, sour cream, koumiss;
- yolk, boiled egg;
- millet, corn, barley, bean garnish;
- cabbage, turnip, radish, rutabaga, eggplant, onion and garlic, sorrel, cucumber, tomato and bell pepper;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, blueberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- hot potatoes, sauces, marinades, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, even mineral water (only without gas);
- strong tea and coffee, fruit juices, cocoa;
- all fresh breads and pastries, pancakes, pies, shortcrust pastry.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite long, but this applies only to the duration of an acute process.After that, you can gradually expand your diet a little, but you will have to forget about annoying and "difficult" foods almost forever.
what can you eat
This is the first question that arises after reading the list of prohibitions.Of course, the diet is not very varied, but it is aimed at maintaining the rest of the pancreas and alleviating inflammation.
Authorized by:
- dried yesterday's bread, biscuits;
- vegetable and pasta soups;
- steamed meat dishes and poultry - slices, meatballs, rolls, pate, meat puree;
- boiled fish fillet (low fat), fried fish, omelette;
- milk, cottage cheese, low-fat and mild cheese, kefir;
- vegetable and butter (porridge) oils;
- vegetable purees and stews, boiled vegetables;
- pasta, pasta, cereals - oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- unsweetened baked fruits (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, jelly, jelly;
- rosehip decoctions, herbal teas, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in agreement with your doctor, you will gradually expand your menu.
Sample menu
It is worth noting that this menu can be used at home when the exacerbation subsides;in the acute stage of pancreatitis, fasting and the gradual introduction of food are prescribed.When planning your diet, remember: there should be at least five meals that are approximately the same in terms of calories and digestive load.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days
First day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 biscuits of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken fillet - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, zucchini puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2, weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
Second day
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml tea with milk.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef steak - 100 g, carrot souffle - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of dried fruit compote.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, mineral water - 200 ml, half a baked pear.
- Afternoon snack: applesauce - 200 g, non-carbonated mineral water - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, sandwich with cheese (30 g of cheese, a piece of toasted bread), weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
Third day
- Breakfast: pumpkin and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a baked pear, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml compote.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled meat, ground into puree - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
Fourth day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 biscuits of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelette - 100 g, baked sweet apple, non-carbonated mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2, weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
Day five
- Breakfast: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2, weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken fillet - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish fillet - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 2 pcs.
- Afternoon snack: baked fruit - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, non-carbonated mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 biscuits of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
If you follow the doctor's recommendations, strictly adhere to the diet and follow all the instructions, you can quickly get relief.But a fairly strict diet with the restriction of "heavy" foods lasts 3-6 months.And then you should constantly limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices and canned foods.